Sisitemu za X-ray zikoresha cathode ikonje zifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ikoranabuhanga rya X-ray tube, bityo bigahungabanya isoko ry’amashusho y’ubuvuzi. Imiyoboro ya X-ray ni igice cyingenzi cy’ibikoresho byo gufata amashusho y’ubuvuzi, bikoreshwa mu gukora x-ray zikenewe kugira ngo hakorwe amashusho yo gusuzuma. Ikoranabuhanga ririho ubu rishingiye kuri cathode zishyushye, ariko sisitemu za cold-cathode zishobora guhindura byinshi muri uru rwego.
GakondoImiyoboro ya X-ray bikora binyuze mu gushyushya umugozi kugeza ku bushyuhe bwinshi, hanyuma ugatanga electron. Izi electron zihuta zigana ku ntego, ubusanzwe zikozwe muri tungsten, zigatanga imirasire ya X iyo ikoze. Ariko, iyi gahunda ifite ingaruka mbi nyinshi. Ubushyuhe bwinshi busabwa kugira ngo electron zisohoke bugabanya igihe cy'imiyoboro, kuko gushyushya no gukonjesha bihoraho bitera ubushyuhe no kwangirika. Byongeye kandi, inzira yo gushyushya ituma bigorana gufungura no kuzimya umuyoboro wa X-ray vuba, bikongera igihe gisabwa mu gikorwa cyo gufata amashusho.
Mu buryo bunyuranye, sisitemu za X-ray za cathode ikonje zikoresha isoko ya electron isohora umwuka mu murima kandi ntizikenera gushyushya. Ahubwo, izi sisitemu zikora electron zikoresha amashanyarazi ku mutwe wa cathode ukarishye, bigatuma electron isohoka bitewe no gukurura kwa quantum tunneling. Kubera ko cathode idashyushywa, igihe cy'ubuzima bwa X-ray cyongerwa cyane, bigatuma ibigo by'ubuvuzi bizigama amafaranga menshi.
Byongeye kandi, sisitemu za X-ray za cathode ikonje zitanga izindi nyungu. Zirashobora gufungurwa no gufungwa vuba, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo gufata amashusho bwiza kurushaho. Imiyoboro isanzwe ya X-ray isaba igihe cyo gushyushya nyuma yo kuyikoresha, ibyo bikaba bishobora gufata igihe kinini mu bihe byihutirwa. Hamwe na sisitemu ya cathode ikonje, gufata amashusho birashoboka ako kanya, bishobora kuzigama igihe cy'agaciro mu bihe bikomeye by'ubuvuzi.
Byongeye kandi, kubera ko nta mashini ishyushye ihari, nta buryo bwo gukonjesha bukenewe, bigabanura ubukana n'ingano y'ibikoresho bya X-ray. Ibi bishobora gutuma habaho ibikoresho byo gufata amashusho bigenzurwa kandi bito, bigatuma amashusho y'ubuvuzi yoroha kandi yoroha mu buryo butandukanye, harimo n'ahantu hatandukanye cyangwa mu bigo by'ubuvuzi bigendanwa.
Nubwo sisitemu za X-ray za cathode zikonjesha zishobora kuba nyinshi, haracyari imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe zigomba gukemurwa. Impande za cathode zisohora amazi mu murima zirapfa kwangirika, zoroshye kwangirika, kandi zisaba kwitabwaho no kubungabungwa neza. Byongeye kandi, inzira ya quantum tunneling ishobora gutanga electron zikoresha ingufu nke, zishobora gutera urusaku rw'amashusho no kugabanya ubuziranenge bw'amashusho ya X-ray. Ariko, ubushakashatsi bukomeje n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga bigamije kurenga izi mbogamizi no gutanga ibisubizo ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya hose rya sisitemu za X-ray za cathode zikonjesha.
Isoko ry’amashusho y’ubuvuzi rirahangana cyane kandi rihora ritera imbere, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rituma habaho iterambere mu gusuzuma no kuvura. Sisitemu za X-ray zikoresha cathode zikonje zishobora guhungabanya iri soko zifite inyungu zikomeye ugereranyije n’ikoranabuhanga risanzwe rya X-ray. Igihe kirekire, guhinduranya vuba no kugabanya ingano bishobora guhindura uburyo bwo gufata amashusho y’ubuvuzi, kongera ubuvuzi bw’abarwayi no kongera imikorere myiza muri rusange mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi.
Muri make, sisitemu za X-ray za cathode zikonje zigaragaza udushya twiza dushobora guhungabanya isoko ry’amashusho y’ubuvuzi. Binyuze mu gusimbuza ikoranabuhanga rya filament rishyushye rya gakondo.Imiyoboro ya X-ray, izi sisitemu zitanga ubuzima burebure, ubushobozi bwo guhinduranya vuba, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibikoresho byoroshye. Nubwo hakiri imbogamizi zigomba gukemurwa, ubushakashatsi bukomeje bugamije kurenga izi mbogamizi no gutuma sisitemu za X-ray zikonje ziba ihame mu gufata amashusho y'ubuvuzi, kunoza ubuvuzi bw'abarwayi no guhindura inganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-25-2023