Mu rwego rwubwubatsi bwamashanyarazi, gutoranya insinga nini n’amashanyarazi make ningirakamaro kugirango amashanyarazi akorwe neza, neza kandi yizewe. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryibanze riri hagati yubwoko bubiri bwinsinga birashobora gufasha injeniyeri, amashanyarazi, nabashinzwe imishinga gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubikorwa byabo byihariye.
Ibisobanuro na voltage urwego
Umugozi mwinshi wa voltagebyashizweho kugirango bitware amashanyarazi kuri voltage mubisanzwe hejuru ya 1.000 volt (1 kV). Izi nsinga ningirakamaro mu kohereza amashanyarazi ahantu harehare, nko kuva ku mashanyarazi kugera ku masoko cyangwa hagati y’amashanyarazi no gukwirakwiza imiyoboro. Porogaramu zisanzwe zirimo imirongo y'amashanyarazi hejuru hamwe na sisitemu yohereza munsi y'ubutaka.
Ku rundi ruhande, insinga nke za voltage, zikorera kuri voltage munsi ya volt 1.000. Bikunze gukoreshwa mumuri, gukwirakwiza ingufu no kugenzura sisitemu yo guturamo, ubucuruzi ninganda. Kurugero, insinga zikoreshwa mugukoresha insinga murugo, kumurika amatara hamwe nimashini nto.
Ubwubatsi n'ibikoresho
Imiterere yinsinga za voltage nyinshi ziraruhije kuruta iz'umugozi muto. Intsinga zifite ingufu nyinshi mubisanzwe zigizwe nibice byinshi, harimo kiyobora, insulator, ingabo hamwe nicyuma cyo hanze. Gukingura ibikoresho ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde kumeneka no kurinda umutekano. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu nsinga mu nsinga zifite ingufu nyinshi zirimo polyethylene (XLPE) hamwe na reberi ya Ethylene-propylene (EPR).
Intsinga ya voltage ntoya muri rusange yoroshye mugushushanya, nubwo ikeneye ibikoresho byiza. Mubisanzwe barikumwe bakoresheje PVC (polyvinyl chloride) cyangwa reberi, ibyo bikaba bihagije kugirango ibipimo bya voltage biri hasi. Ibikoresho byabayobora birashobora gutandukana, ariko umuringa na aluminium nibyo bihitamo cyane murwego rwo hejuru kandi ruto rwa porogaramu.
Imikorere n'umutekano
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi menshizakozwe kugirango zihangane n’ibihe bikabije, harimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, guhangayikishwa n’ibidukikije. Bakunze kugeragezwa kububasha bwa dielectric, bupima ubushobozi bwumugozi bwo kurwanya amashanyarazi. Ibi nibyingenzi kugirango umutekano wizewe na sisitemu yo kohereza amashanyarazi.
Ibinyuranye, insinga nke za voltage zagenewe ibidukikije bidakenewe. Mugihe bagikeneye kubahiriza ibipimo byumutekano, ibisabwa mubikorwa ntabwo bikomeye nkinsinga nini cyane. Nyamara, insinga nke za voltage zigomba gukomeza kubahiriza amategeko y’amashanyarazi y’ibanze kugira ngo ikore neza.
Gusaba
Porogaramu ya kabili ya voltage nini ninsinga nkeya ziratandukanye cyane. Umugozi wa voltage mwinshi ukoreshwa cyane cyane mumashanyarazi, gukwirakwiza no gukwirakwiza. Nibyingenzi muguhuza amasoko yingufu zishobora kuvugururwa nkumuyaga nizuba ryumuriro.
Nyamara, insinga nke za voltage zirahari hose mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Zikoreshwa mu nsinga zo guturamo, inyubako zubucuruzi n’inganda zikoreshwa mu mucyo, ubushyuhe n’ingufu ibikoresho bitandukanye. Ubwinshi bwabo butuma bikwiranye nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, kuva kumuzunguruko woroheje murugo kugeza kuri sisitemu igenzura igoye mubikorwa byinganda.
mu gusoza
Muncamake, guhitamo insinga nini cyane na voltage nkeya biterwa nibisabwa byihariye bya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi bifitanye isano. Intsinga zifite ingufu nyinshi ningirakamaro kugirango ihererekanyabubasha ryamashanyarazi intera ndende, mugihe insinga nkeya zifite akamaro kanini mumashanyarazi ya buri munsi. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryingenzi mubwubatsi, imikorere, no kubishyira mu bikorwa birashobora gufasha abanyamwuga gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kugirango umutekano wizewe hamwe na sisitemu y'amashanyarazi. Waba urimo gukora amashanyarazi mashya cyangwa insinga zo murugo, kumenya igihe cyo gukoresha insinga nini na voltage nkeya ningirakamaro kugirango ubigereho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-21-2024