Gusobanukirwa imiyoboro ya X-Ray yo kwa muganga: Umugongo w'amashusho yo gusuzuma indwara

Mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi bwa none, gupima indwara bigira uruhare runini mu kwita ku barwayi, bigatuma abahanga mu by'ubuzima babona imiterere y'imbere mu mubiri. Mu buryo butandukanye bwo gupima, gupima X-ray biracyari bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa cyane. Ishingiro ry'ubu buryo ni umuyoboro wa X-ray wo kwa muganga, igikoresho cyahinduye uburyo dusuzuma kandi tukavura indwara.

Umuyoboro wa X-ray wo kwa muganga ni iki?

A umuyoboro wa X-ray wo kwa mugangani umuyoboro wihariye w’amashanyarazi ukora imirasire ya X binyuze mu mikoranire ya electron zifite ingufu nyinshi n’ikintu runaka, ubusanzwe gikozwe muri tungsten. Iyo hakoreshejwe umuriro w’amashanyarazi, electron zisohoka muri cathode ishyushye zigahita zijya kuri anode. Nyuma yo gukubita anode, izi electron zihuta cyane zihura n’ikintu runaka, bigatuma X-rays zikora muri urwo rugendo. Ubu buryo bw’ibanze butuma dufata amashusho y’amagufwa, ingingo, n’ingingo ziri mu mubiri w’umuntu.

Ibice bigize imiyoboro ya X-Ray

Gusobanukirwa ibice bigize umuyoboro wa X-ray wo kwa muganga ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo usobanukirwe imikorere yawo. Ibice by'ingenzi birimo:

 

1. Katode: Iki gice kigizwe n'agace gashyushya kugira ngo gakore electrons. Cathode ni ingenzi cyane mu gutangiza igikorwa cyo gukora X-ray.
2. Anode: Anode ikoreshwa nk'intego ya cathode yo gusohora electron. Ubusanzwe ikorwa muri tungsten bitewe n'uko ishongesha cyane kandi ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora X-rays.
3. Ibahasha y'ikirahure cyangwa icyuma: Iteraniro ryose riherereye mu ibahasha ifunze neza, irinda electron kugongana n'uturemangingo tw'umwuka kandi igatuma X-ray ikorwa neza.
4. Gushungura: Kugira ngo hongerwe ireme ry'ishusho no kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduzwa n'imirasire itari ngombwa, hakoreshwa ibyuma bipima indwara kugira ngo bikureho imirasire ya X idafite ingufu nyinshi idatanga amakuru ajyanye no gusuzuma indwara.
5. Collimator: Iki gikoresho kigira ishusho kandi kikagabanya imirasire ya X, kigenzura ko ahantu hakenewe ari ho honyine hagaragara mu gihe cyo gufata amashusho.

 

Akamaro k'imiyoboro ya X-Ray mu buvuzi

Imiyoboro ya X-ray yo kwa muganga ni ingenzi cyane mu buryo butandukanye bwo kwa muganga. Ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha harimo:

 

• Gusuzuma indwara yo kuvunika kw'amagufwa: Imirasire ya X ni yo nzira ya mbere yo gupima amagufwa akekwaho kuvunika kandi ishobora gusuzuma vuba kandi neza ibyangiritse by'amagufwa.
• Gupima ikibyimba: Gupima X-ray bishobora gufasha kumenya ibibyimba bidasanzwe cyangwa ibibyimba, bigatanga ubuyobozi ku buryo bwo gusuzuma indwara.
• Gufata amashusho y'amenyo: Mu buvuzi bw'amenyo, imiyoboro ya X-ray ikoreshwa mu gufata amashusho y'amenyo n'imiterere ayikikije kugira ngo ifashe mu gusuzuma ibibazo by'amenyo.
• Gufata amashusho mu gituza: Imirasire ya X-ray yo mu gituza ikunze gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma imiterere y'ibihaha, ingano y'umutima, n'ibindi bibazo byo mu gituza.

 

Iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rya X-Ray Tube

Urwego rw'ibishushanyo mbonera by'ubuvuzi rukomeje gutera imbere, ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'imiyoboro ya X-ray. Iterambere riherutse gutera imbere ririmo iterambere rya sisitemu za X-ray zikoresha ikoranabuhanga zinoza ireme ry'ishusho, zigabanya imirasire, kandi zigabanye igihe cyo kuyitunganya. Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka za mashini zigendanwa za X-ray rituma amashusho ashoboka ahantu hatandukanye, harimo n'ibyumba byita ku burwayi n'ahantu hatandukanye.

mu gusoza

Imiyoboro ya X-ray yo kwa mugangani igice cy'ingenzi cyo gupima indwara, giha abahanga mu by'ubuzima ibikoresho bakeneye kugira ngo bafate ibyemezo bihamye ku bijyanye no kwita ku barwayi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere, ubushobozi bw'imiyoboro ya X-ray buzakomeza gutera imbere, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo gusuzuma neza no kunoza umusaruro w'abarwayi. Gusobanukirwa imikorere n'akamaro k'ibi bikoresho ni ingenzi ku muntu wese ushishikajwe n'ubuvuzi, kuko ari byo shingiro ry'ubuvuzi bugezweho. Haba mu bitaro, mu mavuriro cyangwa mu biro by'amenyo, imiyoboro ya X-ray y'ubuvuzi izakomeza kuba igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubuvuzi mu myaka iri imbere.